zaizaoqishihou,woguogonglutieluqiaoliangshangchangchangshibushezhizhizuohuozhejinjinshezhigangzhizuode,suizhejiaotongfazhan,qiaoliangtielugonglushiyedekuoda,geshigeyangdeqiaoliangbuduandiyongxianjianzao,tuidonglegongyedefazhanjiaotongxingyedefanrong,qiaoliangdezengduo,duizhizuodechengzainengli、位wei移yi和he轉zhuan角jiao能neng力li質zhi量liang要yao求qiu不bu斷duan地di提ti高gao,從cong而er各ge種zhong形xing式shi材cai質zhi的de支zhi座zuo不bu斷duan地di被bei研yan發fa出chu來lai,來lai滿man足zu不bu同tong橋qiao梁liang對dui支zhi座zuo的de要yao求qiu。是shi支zhi座zuo更geng加jia適shi應ying橋qiao梁liang,橋qiao梁liang更geng加jia安an全quan牢lao靠kao。
橋梁支座的主要作用是承載荷重、位移轉角形變等能。橋梁支座可以消除風力地震等對橋梁結構平移、震動產生的不利影響。
橋梁支座的安裝位置都是有嚴格的要求的,安裝支座的數量,高度,支座規格型號都是有要求的。
橋梁支座布置原則:
1)對於有坡橋跨結構,易將固定支座布置在標高低的墩台上
2)對dui於yu連lian續xu梁liang橋qiao及ji橋qiao麵mian連lian續xu的de簡jian支zhi梁liang橋qiao,為wei使shi全quan梁liang的de縱zong向xiang變bian形xing分fen散san在zai梁liang的de兩liang端duan,宜yi將jiang固gu定ding支zhi座zuo設she置zhi在zai靠kao近jin橋qiao跨kua中zhong心xin,但dan若ruo中zhong間jian支zhi點dian的de橋qiao墩dun較jiao高gao或huo因yin地di基ji受shou力li等deng原yuan因yin,對dui承cheng受shou水shui平ping力li十shi分fen不bu利li時shi,可ke根gen據ju具ju體ti情qing況kuang將jiang固gu定ding支zhi座zuo布bu置zhi在zai靠kao邊bian的de其qi它ta墩dun台tai上shang
3)對(dui)於(yu)特(te)別(bie)寬(kuan)的(de)梁(liang)橋(qiao),尚(shang)應(ying)設(she)置(zhi)沿(yan)縱(zong)向(xiang)和(he)橫(heng)向(xiang)均(jun)能(neng)移(yi)動(dong)的(de)活(huo)動(dong)支(zhi)座(zuo)。對(dui)於(yu)彎(wan)橋(qiao)則(ze)應(ying)考(kao)慮(lv)活(huo)動(dong)支(zhi)座(zuo)沿(yan)弧(hu)線(xian)方(fang)向(xiang)移(yi)動(dong)的(de)可(ke)能(neng)性(xing)。對(dui)於(yu)處(chu)在(zai)地(di)震(zhen)地(di)區(qu)的(de)梁(liang)橋(qiao),其(qi)支(zhi)座(zuo)構(gou)造(zao)還(hai)應(ying)考(kao)慮(lv)橋(qiao)梁(liang)防(fang)震(zhen)的(de)設(she)施(shi),通(tong)常(chang)應(ying)確(que)保(bao)由(you)多(duo)個(ge)橋(qiao)墩(dun)分(fen)擔(dan)水(shui)平(ping)力(li)。固(gu)定(ding)支(zhi)座(zuo)和(he)活(huo)動(dong)支(zhi)座(zuo)的(de)布(bu)置(zhi),應(ying)以(yi)有(you)利(li)於(yu)墩(dun)台(tai)傳(chuan)遞(di)縱(zong)向(xiang)水(shui)平(ping)力(li)為(wei)原(yuan)則(ze)。